Thực hành các bài tập thể bị động từ dễ đến khó có đáp án

Trong tiếng Anh, câu bị động là một trong những loại câu được sử dụng nhiều nhất. Thể bị động được sử dụng trong văn viết giúp tăng tính khách quan. Trong bài viết này, IELTS Vietop đã tổng hợp một số bài tập thể bị động nhằm giúp bạn nắm vững cách sử dụng của nó. Cùng đọc bài viết dưới đây nhé.

Tóm tắt lý thuyết thể bị động

Câu bị động là câu mà chủ thể hành động không thực hiện hành động đó, mặt khác chịu tác động bởi chủ thể khác. Câu bị động nhấn mạnh vào đối tượng chịu tác động hơn là hành động đó. 

Công thức tổng quát của câu bị động

Công thức tổng quát của câu bị động đó là:

S + trợ động từ + (not) + be + V3 + … + (by SO/ST)

Nếu chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là they, people, everyone, someone, anyone, … thì có thể bỏ đi khi chuyển sang câu bị động.

E.g.: Someone had planted this tree yesterday. (Ai đó đã trồng cây này vào hôm qua).

→ This plant was planted yesterday. (Cây này được trồng hôm qua).

Nếu là người hoặc vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động thì khi chuyển sang câu chủ động, ta thêm “by” – “bởi”.

E.g.: My father cooked this meal for us. (Bố tôi ấy nấu bữa ăn này cho chúng tôi).

→ This meal was cooked for us by my father. (Bữa ăn này được nấu bởi bố tôi).

Nếu là người hoặc vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động thì khi chuyển sang câu chủ động, ta thêm “with” – “với, bằng”.

E.g.: A door is opened with a key. (Cái cửa này được mở bằng chìa khóa). 

Cấu trúc câu bị động với các thì và loại câu

Với cấu trúc chung như thế, tùy vào từng thì và dạng câu trong tiếng Anh, cấu trúc câu bị động sẽ được linh hoạt. Hãy xem cấu trúc của câu bị động theo từng thì và dạng câu qua bảng dưới đây.

Thì/Dạng câu	Câu chủ động	Câu bị động
Thì quá khứ đơn	S + V (ed)	S + were/ was (not) + V3
Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn	S + was/were + V (ing)	S + were/ was (not) + being + V3
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành	S + had + V3	S + had (not) + been + V3
Thì hiện tại đơn	S + V (s/es)	S + am/is/are (not) + V3
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn	S + is/am/are + V-ing	S + am/is/are (not) + being + V3
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành	S + has/have + V3	S + has/have (not) + been + V3
Thì tương lai đơn	S + will + V	S + will (not) be + V3
Động từ khuyết thiếu (must, may, might, can, could, will, would, should, used to, have to, need to)	S + modal verb + V	S + modal verb + be + V3
Cấu trúc “be going to”	S + is/are/am + going to + V	S + is/are (not) + going to be + V3
Động từ tường thuật (agree, announce, argue, believe, claim, disclose, expect, hope, know, predict, report, say, suggest, think, understand)	People + V + (that) + mệnh đề	It is + V3 + that + mệnh đề
Câu bị động với V + V-ing Động từ như: love, like, dislike, enjoy, fancy, hate, imagine, admit, involve, deny, avoid, regret, mind	V + somebody + V-ing	V + somebody/something + being + V3
Động từ tri giác(see, watch, notice, hear, look…)	S + V + somebody + V-ing/to V	S + be + V3 + V-ing/to V
Câu mệnh lệnh	It’s one’s duty to + V	S + be + supposed to + V
Cấu trúc “Nhờ ai làm gì”	S + have + sb + V S + get + sb + to-V	→ S + have + sb + V3→ S + get + st + V3
Câu bị động với make/Let	S + make + sb + VS + let + sb + V	⟶ S + be + made + to + V⟶ Let + sb/st + be + V3
Câu bị động với chủ ngữ giả “It”	It + be + adj + for sb + to V + to do st	It + be + adj + for st+ to be V3

Tham khảo: Bảng chữ cái tiếng Anh

Bài tập thể bị động

Bài tập

Bài 1: Chuyển các câu sau sang thể bị động:

1. The waiter brought me this dish.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Our friends send these postcards to us.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Jim baked this cake yesterday.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. They are going to buy a new apartment next year.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. Have you sent the Christmas cards to your family?

………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Tom will give Anna a ride to school tomorrow.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. They keep this room tidy all the time.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. They moved the fridge into the living room.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc.

1. The war ……………………………….. next week.(DECLARE)

2. Your homework ……………………………….. by tomorrow afternoon.(MUST FINISH)

3. That house …………………………………  since I was a child. (NOT PAINT)

4. Smoking ………………………………..  in this hotel (NOT ALLOW)

5. After all the flights …………………………., the tourists checked in at the airport hotel. (CANCEL)

6. The car ……………………..…. for over a week. (NOT WASH)

7. He ………………………. a new contract last year. (GIVE)

8. This song ………………………………..by the Beatles in 1967. (WRITE)

9. The earth …………………………… if we try hard enough to do something (CAN SAVE)

10. The new bridge ……………………………….. at the moment. (BUILD)

Bài 3: Chuyển các câu với động từ tường thuật sau sang câu bị động.

1. They think that he has died a natural death.
2. Some people believe that 13 is an unlucky number.
3. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
4. They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.
5. I knew that they had told him of the meeting.
6. They declared that she won the competition.
7. They rumored the man was still living.
8. People think that Jack London’s life and writings represent the American love of adventure.
9. They reported that the troops were coming.
10. People believed that the earth stood still.

Bài 4: Chuyển các câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi  sau sang câu bị động.

1. Why didn’t they help him?
2. How many games has the team played?
3. Where do people speak English?
4. Who are they keeping in the kitchen?
5. How can they open this safely?
6. What books are people reading this year?
7. How did the police find the lost man?
8. Who will look after the children for you?
9. What time can the boys hand in their papers?
10. Who lent you this book?

Bài 5: Chia động từ phù hợp trong các câu sau.

1. This disk… (cook) by my father yesterday.
2. The newspapers … (deliver) everyday.
3. Tuan’s motorbike … (repair) yesterday.
4. John … (allow) to go out late by his parents.
5. My mom allows me … (go out) with my friends on Saturday evening.
6. The problem needs … (fix) as soon as possible.
7. The timetable … (not change) till tomorrow.
8. They … (announce) the results tomorrow morning.
9. The plan … (make) by the director is brilliant.
10. All of my problems … (cause) by a single mistake I made when I was young.

Bài 6: Chuyển các câu sau sang câu bị động.

1. Today, our teacher taught us how to prepare for the task.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. You should do your homework.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Nam built this house in 1999.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Wind posted the letter last month.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. She will open her new restaurant next Monday.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. We had to postpone the meeting because the boss was ill.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Hoa cleans the window every week.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. This bill includes service.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Nobody told him that his parents came back.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. They used these fans all day.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

Bài 7: Viết lại câu dưới đây sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi.

1. My father grew these plants.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. She enjoys her father taking her to school.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. I have my children clean the house.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. People say Bob is the most intelligent student in his class.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. People think that we built this bridge 2 years ago.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

6.  My grandmother knitted this sweater for me.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

7. I heard My Tam sing many songs yesterday.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Bài 8: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.

1. People said that John was the thief.

→ It was ___________________________________

→ John ___________________________________

2. They report that the suspended gunman is in custody.

→ The suspended _________________________

→ It is __________________________________

3. People don’t expect that the new party will win the election.

→ It isn’t  ________________________________

→ The new ______________________________

4. The police say that the principal is at large.

→ It is _________________________________

→ The principal _________________________

5. The detective knows that the robber has left the city.

→ It is _________________________________

→ The robber ___________________________

6. People believe that giving encouragement is important at work, too.

→ It is ___________________________________

→ Giving encouragement ____________________

7. They told us that Charles drank too much at the party.

→ It was _________________________________

→ Charles ________________________________

Đáp án

Bài 1: 

1. This dish was brought to me by the waiter.

2. These postcards are sent to us by our friends.

3. They were told this story by their grandmother when they visited her last week.

4. This train ticket was ordered for Tom’s mother by him.

5. Her ticket was shown to the airline agent by her.

6. This cake was baked by Jim yesterday.

7. A new apartment is going to be bought next year.

8. The customer was handed these boxes by the shop assistant.

9. The first prize was awarded to the reporter by the board.

10. Have the Christmas cards been sent to your family?

11. Alice was appointed secretary for the meeting by the committee.

12. Anna will be given a ride to school by Tom tomorrow.

13. This room is kept tidy all the time.

14. Ann was given some bananas and some flowers (by us).

15. The fridge was moved into the living room.

Bài 2:

1. will be declared

2. must be finished

3. hasn’t been painted

4. is not allowed

5. had been canceled

6. hasn’t been washed

7. was given

8. was written

9. can be saved

10. are being built

Bài 3:

1. He is thought to have died a natural death.
2. 13 is believed to be an unlucky number.
3. John is said to be the brightest student in class.
4.  The President was reported to have suffered a heart attack.
5. They were known to have told him of the meeting.
6. She was declared to win the competition.
7. The man was rumored to be still living.
8. Jack London’s life and writing is thought to represent the American love of adventure.
9. The troops were reported to be coming.
10. The earth was believed to stand still.

Bài 4:

1. Why wasn’t he helped?
2. How many games have been played by the team?
3. Where is English spoken?
4. Who are being kept in the kitchen?
5. How can this be opened safely?
6. What books are being read this year?
7. How was the lost man found by the police?
8. By whom will the children be looked after for you?
9. What time can their papers be handed in by the boys?
10. By whom was this book lent?

Bài 5:

1. was cooked
2. are delivered
3. was repaired
4. is allowed
5. to go out
6. to be fixed
7. won’t be changed
8. will announce
9. made
10. are caused

Bài 6:

1. Today, we were taught how to prepare for the task by our teacher.

2. Your homework should be done.

3. This house was built by Nam in 1999.

4. The letter was posted by Wind last month.

5. Her new restaurant will be opened next Monday.

6. The meeting had to be postponed because the boss was ill.

7. The window is cleaned by Hoa every week.

8. Service is included by this bill.

9. He wasn’t told that his parents came back.

10. These fans were used all day.

Bài 7:

1.These plants were grown by my father.

2. She enjoys being taken to school by her father.

3. I have the house cleaned by my children.

4. It’s said that Bob is the most intelligent student in his class.

Hoặc: Bob is said to be the most intelligent student in his class.

5. It’s thought that we built this bridge 2 years ago.

Or: We are thought to have built this bridge 2 years ago.

6. I was knitted this sweater by my grandmother.

Hoặc: This sweater was knitted for me by my grandmother.

7. My Tam was heard singing many songs yesterday.

Bài 8:

1. It was said that John was the thief.

John was said to be the thief.

2. The suspended gunman is reported to be in custody.

It is reported that the suspended gunman is in custody.

3. It isn’t expected that the new party will win the election.

The new party isn’t expected to win the election.

4. It is said that the principal is at large.

The principal is said to be at large.

5. It is known that the robber has left the city.

The robber is known to have left the city.

6. It is believed that giving encouragement is important at work, too.

Giving encouragement is believed to be important at work, too.

7. It was told that Charles drank too much at the party.

Charles was told to have drunk too much at the party.

Trên đây là một số bài tập thể bị động và những kiến thức bạn cần nhớ về thể bị động. Mong rằng bài viết sẽ giúp bạn sử dụng thành thạo câu bị động trong tiếng Anh và tránh được lỗi sai không mong muốn. Chúc bạn thành công.