Noun + Pre – Một số danh từ đi kèm giới từ thông dụng trong IELTS

Khi một danh kết hợp với giới từ thì sẽ cho ta nhiều ý nghĩa khác nhau, vậy hãy cùng Vietop thử cùng kết hợp một số danh từ với 10 giới từ “By”, “For”, “At”, “Without”, “On”, “Under”, ”In”, “Out of”, “From”, “With” nhé!

1. Một số danh từ đi kèm giới từ thông dụng trong IELTS

1.1 “By”

by accident = by chance = by mistake = by coincidence	tình cờ, ngẫu nhiên
by heart	học thuộc lòng
by surprise	1 cách kinh ngạc
by cheque	bằng ngân phiếu
by oneself	một mình
by the way	nhân tiện đây

Ví dụ: 

• Literature is my least favorite subject. Back when I was in high school, my teacher asked me and my clasmates to learn by heart plenty of long poems
• I bumped into Minh – my best friend quite by chance at university.
• During exam season, I like to study by myself so that no one can distract me

1.2. “For”

for ages	tình cờ, ngẫu nhiên
for ever	học thuộc lòng
for a while	1 cách kinh ngạc
for sale	bằng ngân phiếu
for instance = for example	một mình
for fear of	nhân tiện đây
for the time being	trong thời gian này

Ví dụ:

• When my best friend said that she would come back Vietnam for Tet Holiday, I was really excited because we haven’t met for ages
• Being an extrovert, I like to be surrounded with a lot of people. However, I sometimes want to be by myself for a while so that I can do whatever I want
• Although I was very tired, I agreed to go shopping with my sister for fear of upsetting her

1.3. “At”

at times	thỉnh thoảng
at last	cuối cùng
at first	lúc đầu
at least	tối thiểu
at sea	ở ngoài biển
at present	bây giờ
at a loss	thua lỗ
at first sight	ngay từ cái nhìn đầu tiên
at any rate	bằng bất cứ giá nào

Ví dụ:

• When I met my boyfriend, there was nothing especially attractive about him at first sight.
• At present, I am living in a two- storey house with my family in District 1
• In my free time, I love playing football with my classmates and I also play video games with them at times
• At first, I didn’t have  a good impression about my teacher  because she looked very fierce. But then I realized that she was very kind-hearted and patient
• At least five foreign countries’ first cases of Coronavirus were directly imported from Iran, putting millions more lives at risk

1.4. “Without”

without a chance	không có cơ hội
without a break	không được nghỉ ngơi
without doubt	không nghi ngờ
without delay	không trậm trễ, không trì hoãn
without exception	không có ngoại lệ
without a word	không một lời
without success	không thành công
without doubt	Không còn nghi ngờ gì

Ví dụ:

• While intelligent machines, without a doubt, can improve our lives in many ways, the potential risks of such technologies should not be ignored.
• Without exception, every single household in this area is being overcharged for their water usage.
• After studying for 5 hours without a break, I felt very sleepy and exhausted

1.5. “On”

on average	tính trung bình
on behalf of	thay mặt cho
on board	trên tàu
on business	đang công tác
on foot	Bằng chân
on fire	đang cháy
on the contrary to	tương phản với
on one’s own	một mình
on loan	đi vay mượn
on the market	đang được bán trên thị trường
on the phone	đang nói chuyện điện thoại
on time	đúng giờ
on the verge of	đang đứng bên bờ/ sắp sửa
on a diet	đang ăn kiêng
on purpose	cố tình
on the other hand	mặt khác

Ví dụ:

• Numerous animals species are on the verge of extinction due to habitat loss, poaching, and climate change
• My sister turned up the music on purpose because she knew that it would annoy me and distract me from studying
• I decided to go on a diet because I want to wear bikini in the next summer vacation
• Math is not my cup of tea because it’s too difficult. My sister, on the other hand, finds it really interesting
• I prefer going shopping on my own because my friends’ tastes in fashion are different from mine
• My father often has to travel abroad on business because his company has many offices around the world

1.6. “Under”

under age	chưa đến tuổi
under no circumstance	trong bất kì trường hợp nào cũng không
under control	bị kiểm soát
under the impression	có cảm tưởng rằng
under cover of	Đội lốt, giả danh
under pressure	chịu áp lực
under discussion	đang được thảo luận
under repair	đang được sửa chữa
under the influence of	dưới ảnh hưởng của
under the law	theo pháp luật

Ví dụ:

• The percentage of women who were out of work in Ireland and Wales decreased significantly last year
• I was under the impression that my teacher was very fierce , but she turned out to be very nice and kind-hearted
• Some students work while studying, which results in lacking time for education and constantly feeling under pressure
• Driving under the influence of alcohol is strictly prohibited in Vietnam. People who violate this law will have to pay a very hefty fine of 4 million VND
• He sometimes has difficulty keeping his temper under control

1.7. ” In”

in addition	ngoài ra, thêm vào.
in advance	trước
in all likelihood	có khả năng
in common	có điểm chung
in charge of	chịu trách nhiệm
in the end	cuối cùng
in favor of	ủng hộ
in (good/ bad) condition	trong điều kiện tốt or xấu
in a hurry	đang vội
in a moment	một lát nữa
in pain	đang bị đau
in the past	trước đây
in practice	đang tiến hành
in public	trước công chúng
in short	tóm lại
in trouble with	gặp rắc rối về
in time	vừa kịp giờ

Ví dụ:

• My friends and I went on a trip to Dalat in the peak season so we had to to book the hotel rooms and flight tickets in advance
• Like most families, my mother is in charge of cooking in my house because she’s a really good cook 
• Despite my sister is 10 older than me, we have a lot in common. For example, both of us like Kpop and fried chicken
• Although I have used my Iphone for quite a while and dropped it many times, it is still in good condition 
• While my friends think that students should wear casual clothes, I am in favor of wearing uniform to school 
• This morning, I was in a hurry so I skipped breakfast, which drove my mom crazy

1.8. “Out of”

out of work	out of work
out of date	lỗi thời
out of reach	ngoài tầm với
out of money	hết tiền
out of danger	hết nguy hiểm
out of the question	không bàn cãi, bất khả thi
out of order	Hư
out of stock	Hết hàng
out of sight, out of mind	xa mặt cách lòng.

Ví dụ:

• On my first day at school, the lift was out of order so I had to take the stairs
• As a student, I have to live on a limited budget. Therefore, dining at a 5- star-hotel is out of my reach
• Yesterday, while browsing Shopee, I came across a very lovely dress. Unfortunately, the dress on size S is out of stock
• Alan broke his leg, so a trip to Dalat is out of the question
• The two men who were critically injured in the murder in Saigon are out of danger and in stable condition.

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1.9. “From”

from now on	kể từ giờ trở đi
from time to time	thỉnh thoảng
from memory	theo trí nhớ
from bad to worse	ngày càng tồi tệ
from what I can gather	from what I can gather

Ví dụ:

• I go to the coffee shop from time to time to meet my best friends
• From what I can gather, she’s madly in love with him.
• I promise, from now on, I will never smoke again 

1.10. “With”

with the exception of	ngoại trừ
with intent to	cố tình
with regard to	đề cập tới
with a view to + Ving	với mục đích làm gì

Ví dụ:

• Spending on all sectors showed upward trends during the given period, with the exception of transport and recreation
• With regard to its location, Bitexco is located in District 1, which is a very bustling and touristy area in downtown Saigon
• Numerous actions have been taken with a view to reducing unemployment rate

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2. Bài tập

2.1. Bài tập thực hành

Bài tập 1: Điền các từ trong hộp dưới đây vào chỗ trống thích hợp

out of work	in public	out of order	for sale
in advance	in favor of	from time to time	at risk

1. Coronavirus is putting people’s lives ……………………
2. The washer machine went …………………… while I was washing my sweater boots
3. The policy was rejected ……………………a more cautious approach
4. Because he cannot pay off his debt,  he put the family home up ………………….
5. The plant closed in November 2010, leaving 400 people ……………………
6. If you’re going to come, please let me know ……………………
7. Her husband was always nice to her …………………., but treated her badly at home.
8. The two still talk on the phone ………………………..

Bài tập 2: Nối định nghĩa tiếng anh với từ thích hợp

1. without doubt	a. having no chance of being harmed or killed
2. at least	b. too young to engage legally in a particular activity
3. out of danger	c. to the point when (something) is about to happen or is very likely to happen
4. for fear of	d. sometimes, but not often
5. on the verge of	e. as much as, or more than, a number or amount
6. out of reach	f. one is afraid of something or that something will happen
7. for a while	g. for a short time
8. at times	h.definitely true.
9. underage	i. right away
10. without delay	j. not able to be achieved

Nên biết: Tiêu chí chấm điểm Speaking – Pronunication bạn cần nắm vững

2.2. Đáp án

Bài tập 1

1. at risk
2. out of order
3. in favor of
4. for sale
5. out of work
6. in advance
7. in public
8. from time to time

Bài tập 2

1. h
2. e
3. a
4. f
5. c
6. j
7. g
8. d
9. b
10. 10. i

Hy vọng với những kiến thức Noun + Pre – Một số danh từ đi kèm giới từ thông dụng trong IELTS ở trên mà Vietop cũng cấp sẽ giúp ích được cho bạn trong quá trình luyện thi IELTS. Chúc bạn học tập tốt và thành công nhé!

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